Olá, leitor!
Esta é a quadragésima segunda semana do Roteiro de Estudos para Aprender Inglês Sozinho, é importante que as semanas sejam seguidas a risca para que o método funcione com sucesso, e que você alcance o seu potencial.
Caso você esteja chegando agora, acesse a primeira semana através deste link para começar essa jornada com o pé direito.
Se perdeu o roteiro da 41ª semana é só acessar este link.
Roteiro de Estudos – 42ª Semana
Desde a 31ª semana, o nosso roteiro ganhou uma cara um pouco diferente e mais arrojada. Passamos a trabalhar com um formato que tende a focar menos na parte gramatical e nas regras, e olha mais para a vivência do inglês, ou seja, busca mais a expansão do vocabulário e a compreensão de textos e atividades mais complexas, tanto na leitura e na escrita como no entendimento do que se é ouvido.
Para que você possa alcançar a fluência ou proficiência no língua inglesa, principalmente a partir desta etapa mais avançada, é importante ter em mente não apenas o conteúdo já passado, que será reforçado agora por meio das atividades, mas também e principalmente se empenhando em manter uma frequência de escrita e treino de listening que te ajude a realmente evoluir na linguagem. Pois, sem o uso constante nesta fase do aprendizado as metas desejadas se tornaram cada vez mais difíceis de ser alcançadas. Isso é natural em qualquer língua, até mesmo no português que, se não é constantemente utilizado em sua forma correta pode se tornar defasado.
Caso você precise repassar a explicação de cada etapa deste novo roteiro, busque voltar no roteiro da 31ª semana e ler o passo a passo completo.
Além dessas dicas, atente-se para o fato de que a sua frequência de estudos é essencial para o aprendizado e que cumprir os exercícios propostos é importantíssimo para o desenvolvimento e evolução deste roteiro. Busque também manter conversas ou até mesmo ler seus próprios textos em voz alta e gravá-los para ouvir mais tarde, faça qualquer tipo de atividade que envolva a conversa e a oratória. Isso é uma peça-chave no caminho da fluência em qualquer língua. Aproveite sua evolução no listening para perceber os próprios erros e corrigí-los, assim, você vai gravá-los definitivamente.
Leitura e Interpretação – Football Superstitions
10 Football Superstitions You Should Know About
By: Siddhant Lazar | 3 Mar, 2017
There is a very fine line between superstitions, obsessive compulsive disorders, and crazy routines but some people manage to blur the lines a little bit more than others. Whether it’s their lucky pair of underwear or a favourite t-shirt that fits just right or even wearing one boot before the other, superstition is surprisingly very common among footballers, too.
We’ve heard of fans having different superstitions before, during and even after the games, and it should come as no surprise that even players, managers, and even team presidents have their own.
The ultimate belief or notion that certain outcomes or events can be influenced by supernatural forces that exist all around us and can sway a person’s judgment, may seem somewhat bizarre to some people. But superstitions and rituals are more often than not deeply ingrained and invested in a team’s history or even in an individual’s identity as a reflection of some of the biggest losses and wins of their careers.
Cristiano Ronaldo
Real Madrid superstar, four-time Ballon d’Or winner and one of the greatest players of all time, that’s what comes to your mind when the name Cristiano Ronaldo appears in conversations. So when talks of superstitions come along and players with their own method of what may make them great, who would have thought that the man synonymous with the word ‘hard work’, makes the list.
However, through his years as a professional athlete, Ronaldo has developed certain quirks that have become superstitions, that have set him apart from the rest. From being the first player to disembark while travelling in a game by plane, putting his right foot on to the grass first, standing the exact same way during free-kicks and so much more.
He is always the last one to leave the tunnel while playing for Los Blancos but the first one to leave the tunnel while playing for Portugal.
They all seem to have worked, as the Portuguese star has three Premier League titles, three Champions League titles, one La Liga title, one Euro title and of course the four Ballon d’Ors and the four European Golden shoes.
Johan Cruyff
Johan Cruyff wrote his name into football history and became one of the few men in the world synonymous with Dutch football. The former Ajax and Barcelona player embodied the “total football” style which guided Netherlands to a World Cup final, while the Cruyff turn remains to be one of the hardest skills to master for any footballer.
However, as great a football player he was, he was also utterly nuts and was dependent on a series of obsessional pre-match rituals, something he would have never tolerated as a coach and manager himself. Shortly before kick-off, he’d slap goalkeeper Gert Bals in the stomach and then walk over to the opposition half and proceed to spit his chewing gum towards their goal.
It seemed to have worked for him and he even said so: “It’s odd I know, but it seems to work for me,” he said. “Once I’ve gone through with my little system before the game, my mind is fully focused on what we have to do to be successful on the pitch.”
However, during the 1969 European Cup final, Cruyff gave Bals his customary smack and then walked over towards the opposition half, to spit his gum. It was only then that the Dutchman realised that he’d forgotten to chew gum and Ajax ended up getting thrashed 4-1!
France 1998 World Cup team
While some say they rode all the way to the World Cup final purely on the skill and talent of the players in their team, who can say that what they did pre-game didn’t really help their cause. The French had a star-studded World Cup squad, with the likes of Zinedine Zidane, Marcel Desailly, Didier Deschamps, Emmanuel Petit and a young Thierry Henry.
But despite all that, they, or rather Laurent Blanc, had a rather amusing pre-match ritual, where the defender would kiss goalkeeper Fabien Barthez’s shaved head. And as the wins piled up, so did the number of kisses, and by the end, Blanc had the entire French team kissing the 26-year-old goalkeeper’s head – from the substitutes to the coaches, all walked up to Barthez and kissed his head.
Another unusual superstition of that team was that they would listen to Gloria Gaynor’s hit single “I Will Survive” in the locker room before every match. Their seating arrangement on the bus was even worse, with every member of the team designated a specific seat. It became ingrained in the minds of the players, that years later, when Samir Nasri sat on Thierry Henry’s spot on the bus, it led to a fight that reportedly destroyed the unity of the French squad.
Australian national team
This story starts in 1969 and involves the woes of the Australian national team, aka the Socceroos, as they tried to qualify for the 1970 World Cup. The Socceroos had just lost a playoff match and had to face Zimbabwe in Mozambique, and it was after the first game of the series (which Australia had lost) and a few players had heard about a witch doctor in Mozambique who could sort things out by putting a curse of some kind on the Rhodesians.
The entire team agreed and consulted the witch doctor, who buried some bones near the goal-post and cursed the opposition.
It worked and the Australians went on to beat Zimbabwe 3-1 in the deciding game, but it was the drama after the match that changed things for the Socceroos. The move backfired when after the game the witch-doctor approached the team and asked for the £1000 pounds that had been promised to him but the team couldn’t pay up. Angry, the witch-doctor reversed the curse and since then Australian soccer has been cursed, or so the ‘Godfather of Australian football’, Johnny Warren, thought.
The national team went on to qualify for the 1974 World Cup but after that they suffered a series of gut-wrenching defeats. The Australians failed to qualify for the ‘98 World Cup despite leading 2-0 in the second half of the final qualifier against Iran, the tear jerker in Uruguay back in 2001 – where the Australians went 3-0 down at and to Uruguay, despite winning the first leg at home are two such instances of the supposed ‘curse’.
Things changed after John Safran decided to go back to Mozambique and reverse the curse, which included him and Warren sitting in the middle of the pitch where the ‘69 game was played and then a new witch-doctor killed a chicken, spreading the blood everywhere, and finally both Safran and Warren had to wash themselves with clay in the Telstra Stadium. And the curse was finally lifted, as the Socceroos reached the 2006 World Cup and even reached the second round.
Derby County
When Derby County moved to their new stadium, the Baseball Ground in 1895, a stadium that would be home for the next 102 years, they had to evict a group of gypsies who dwelled on the site.
The gypsies, angry at their removal allegedly cursed the team, saying that the two-time Premier League winners would never win another FA Cup. While the curse was thought to be fictional and just an excuse for the club’s horrid form, it lived and festered in the minds of the fans.
The Rams reached the 1898, 1899 and 1904 final and lost all three, and also lost three semi-finals. It seemed that the gypsies’ curse could actually be true and Derby simply gave up and never reached another final for another forty years.
In 1946, after forty years, Derby County reached another FA Cup final and fans were praying for a sign that the curse was lifted, even pleading to the skies “We are fans of Derby County, do you not think that’s punishment enough?”
It was soon after that the ball burst and actually prevented a Derby goal and everyone took it as a sign that the angered spirits were appeased, and Derby went on to win the FA Cup 4-1 in extra time. However, it was later rumoured that Jackie Stamps paid a gypsy to have the curse lifted before the day of the final, where he went on to score twice as the Rams went on to win their first FA Cup trophy but have never reached the finals since then.
Romeo Anconetani
One of the odder superstitions on this list, former AC Pisa president Romeo Anconetani, the former Italian footballer, manager and president would simply throw salt on the field because he thought it would help his team – the bigger the game the more salt seasoned the pitch!
As Plato once described salt as the gift of the gods, is it that surprising that football fans (including Luis Fernandez) would sprinkle some salt on the pitch to perhaps, increase their chances of tasting some good luck?
Romeo Anconetani was no different and behaved exactly like other Italians who believed that even betting against their own team would increase the chances of a better fortune, but perhaps the AC Pisa president went too far. During an important match against Cesena, the former president walked onto the field and proceeded to flavour the four corners of the Arena Garibaldi with nearly 26 kilos of salt.
Birmingham City
When Birmingham City director Harry Morris evicted a band of gypsies off a derelict piece of land that would later become St Andrews stadium (Birmingham’s home ground), he could never have imagined the consequences that would follow for the next hundred-odd years. The gypsy curse that was spat out in 1906 followed the Blues for over 100 years and over the years many Birmingham City managers would try and remove the curse but with little success.
Former manager Ron Saunders tried to banish the curse in the 1980s by placing crucifixes on the floodlights and painting the bottom of his player’s boots red, hoping that the angry spirits may forgive the club and the ground, but it never worked.
Then, Barry Fry – in charge of the club from 1993 to 1996, tried a more “creative approach” and urinated on the four corners of the pitch before every home game, after a psychic told him to, and that worked as the team started winning games before the club sacked Fry and the losses piled up again.
However, on Boxing day of 2006, the club finally celebrated the curse being lifted with a 2-1 win over Queens Park Rangers, before going on to beat Arsenal in the League Cup, four years later in their first major final in the club’s history.
Pele
Easily one of the greatest players of all time, a Brazilian legend and one of the most successful league goal scorers could not escape from the clutches of superstition. During a low point in Pele’s career, the forward attributed it to a jersey that he had given a fan after a match. The Brazilian legend proceeded to send a friend on a mission to track down the jersey.
As luck would have it, the friend managed to track down the shirt and returned it to Pele, who’s goalscoring form returned soon after. But what the friend left out was the fact that he had actually failed in his pursuit of that particular jersey and had instead given the three-time World Cup winner the shirt that he had used in the previous match.
The belief that it was the shirt was more than enough for the Brazilian legend and his form soon returned.
Midland Portland Cements
This bizarre one-time ritual made the cut simply for the fact that it was even considered a ritual. In 2008, the coaches of a Zimbabwean football team sent their players to a river to cleanse the team of bad spirits and figured that it was the best way to cure the team of a bad string of losses. So they sent 17 players and instructed them to wade into the Zambezi river but only 16 walked out alive.
What the team and the coach later learned was the fact that the river was banned to the public and that swimming in the river was extremely dangerous. The currents were so strong that even professional swimmers were warned from entering into the river, let alone 17 semi-professional football players. To make matters worse, the river was teaming full of crocodiles and hippos and the team lost a key player after he was caught in the current and did not survive the team’s cleansing ritual.
To make things even worse, the team went on to lose the next few games and the player became one of the rare cases where a superstition or a ritual resulted in a death.
Raymond Domenech
Raymond Domenech isn’t so much a fan of man management, as he is of mad management, and even if you keep aside his spats and fights with Patrick Vieira, David Trezeguet and even ousting Karim Benzema from his squad, Domenech takes eccentricity to another level.
Being a keen poker player does have it’s moments, especially during a football match, but one has to question the sanity of the French FA when they appointed a manager for over six years, who allows astrology to affect his team selections!!
Domenech had a particular problem with players with the Scorpio sun sign in his squads, referring them to as reckless, unreliable, troublesome and attention-seekers and thus effectively ended the career of Robert Pires.
The fruit loop of a former French manager wasn’t all that keen on Leo’s either, saying, “When I have got a Leo in defence, I’ve always got my gun ready, as I know he’s going to want to show off at one moment or another and cost us,” referring to his then back four of William Gallas, Gael Clichy, Julien Escude and Sebastian Squillaci.
He’s has displayed his “eccentric-ness” by responding to being knocked out of Euro 2008 by proposing to his girlfriend on the pitch and oversaw a mutiny two years later – but they all seem sane when compared to his dependence on astrology.
While there have always been eccentric managers all around the world, from the late great Brian Clough to Diego Maradona to Alf Ramsey and much more, it’s the fact that Domenech managed to somehow outdo them all, without ever winning a single trophy during his time that makes him No. 1 in our list of superstitions in football.
Confira o artigo completo aqui.
Responda às perguntas a seguir:
- Why do you think there are so many superstitions among football players and fans?
- Which one was the strangest superstition? Describe it.
- What is the connection between the French national team and the hit ‘I will survive’?
- Which of these superstitions would you follow or believe? Why?
- What is the negative side of superstitions?
- Why was salt so important for the president of AC Pisa?
- Do have any superstitions? Describe them.
Agora, busque escrever um texto de pelo menos uma página sobre a sua relação com o futebol. Conte se você é fã do esporte ou não e porque, acrescente também algumas superstições que você conhece ou faz.
Listening e Compreensão – The Football World Cup
Para treinar seu listening e sua compreensão no contexto apresentado, assista o vídeo com atenção e se necessário mais de uma vez ou pausando a cada etapa. Depois, tente responder às questões apresentadas de acordo com o que foi dito no vídeo.
Caso fique muito difícil de entender, busque ativar closed captions sempre que possível. Mas perceba que os closed captions do Youtube nem sempre são 100% confiáveis. Outra dica é, nunca ative legendas em português, isso pode atrasar seu aprendizado.
No vídeo desta semana vamos nos manter no tema do texto e conhecer um pouco mais sobre as copas do mundo de futebol.
20 Things You Didn’t Know About The World Cup
Responda às perguntas abaixo:
- What makes the world cup in Russia so special?
- Why has the ball changed along time?
- Which records did the World Cup beat?
- How is Brazil important in the history of the World Cups?
- Who are the most known predicters at World Cups?
- What makes the World Cup trophy special?
- What is the power of China in the World Cup?
Sinta-se à vontade para escrever sobre a sua relação com as copas do mundo, se você às assiste, com quem faz e se tem alguma que te marcou.
Cultura e Diversidade – Music: La La La (Brazil 2014)
“Dare (La La La)” is a song recorded by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira from her self-titled tenth studio album Shakira (2014). The song was first released to contemporary hit radio in Italy on 24 April 2014, as the third single from the album and was later released in a remix bundle in the United States via RCA Records. The song was co-written by Shakira, Jay Singh (J2), Dr. Luke, Mathieu Jomphe-Lepine, Max Martin, Cirkut, Raelene Arreguin and John J. Conte, Jr. while the production was handled by J2, Dr. Luke, Shakira, Cirkut and Billboard. The song is an uptempo, dance-pop song built over drums and chants.
A reworked version of the song entitled “La La La (Brazil 2014)” was released on 27 May as the second theme song for the 2014 World Cup. This was Shakira’s second time singing a theme song for the FIFA World Cup (the first being in 2010); she also sang the 2006 World Cup theme song, Hip’s Don’t Lie/Bamboo (featuring Wyclef Jean) which was a remake of her worldwide hit Hips Don’t Lie. The song included new lyrics and features Brazilian musician Carlinhos Brown. The version was praised by music critics and fared well commercially. An accompanying video was directed by Shakira’s long time collaborator Jaume de Laiguana, the music video is influenced by Afro-Brazilian heritage and tribal imagery and features cameos from a variety of football players including Lionel Messi, Neymar, Cesc Fàbregas, Sergio Agüero, Radamel Falcao, James Rodríguez and Eric Abidal, Shakira’s boyfriend Gerard Piqué and their son Milan.
The music video for the World Cup version was premiered on 22 May 2014,[24] which was directed by Jaume de Laiguana, who had previously worked with Shakira on a variety of music videos including “Don’t Bother”, “Gypsy”, “Loca”, “Sale el Sol”, “Rabiosa”[25] The songs accompanying video was produced with Activia in support of the World Food Programme’s School Meals Program. Shakira and Activia will also be donating funds to support the program.[26] On 30 May 2014, Spanish version of the video was premiered.[27]
The video is a “consciously surreal video” that takes influence from Afro-Brazilian heritage with tribal imagery, combining capoeira and footballer moves for an “artsy athletic displays”. After the release of the video, it came to light that the video featured nearly shot-for-shot recreations of French artist WoodKid’s video for his song “Iron”. WoodKid denied having given permission to use these images in the video.[28]
During the video Shakira balances a ball wearing a long black skirt. The video includes footballers Lionel Messi, Neymar, Cesc Fàbregas, Sergio Agüero, Radamel Falcao, James Rodríguez and Éric Abidal. Shakira’s boyfriend Gerard Piqué and their son Milan appear in the video as well.[26][29] 40 days after release the video hit 200 million views,[30] and as of June 2018, it has received over 970 million views.
Source: Wikipedia
Assista ao vídeo abaixo e preencha as lacunas:
Shakira – La La La (Brazil 2014) ft. Carlinhos Brown
La La La (Brazil 2014)
By: Shakira ft. Carlinhos Brown
[Intro]
Essa bola vai rolar
O mundo é um tapete verde
Quando a bola chega lá
Coração fica na rede, na rede, na rede
Ola, ola!
La la la la la 7x
La!
I dare you
Leggo 4x
Feel how the planet, become one
Beats like a drum to the same rhythm
Hear the ______, kick the _______
The entire world soars like an eagle
In Rio we play, like we _______
Only today there’s no tomorrow
Leave all behind, in this place
There’s no _________ for fear or sorrow
Is it true that you want it?
Then act like you _______ it
With everyone watching
It’s truth or _______, can you feel it?
La la la la la 7x
La!
I dare you
Leggo 2x
You have _______, it’s the place
No more doubts the time is coming
Feel how the planet, become one
Like a drum ___________ is calling
German, Colombians, Spanish and French
Off the ________ you gotta own it
Down here we play, like we ________
It’s Brazil and now you know it
Is it true that you want it?
Then act like you _______ it
With everyone watching
It’s truth or _______, can you feel it?
La la la la la 7x
La!
I dare you
Is it true that you want it?
Then act like you _______ it
With everyone watching
It’s truth or _______, can you feel it?
La la la la la 7x
La!
I dare you
Leggo 4x
Chegamos ao fim da quadragésima segunda semana do Roteiro de Estudos Para Aprender Inglês Sozinho. Utilize os vídeos, textos e exercícios de forma alternada, começando pelo texto repetido por muitas vezes segundo a orientação, e faça cada sessão individualmente para que você possa compreender melhor o conteúdo apresentado. Lembre-se de cumprir as etapas aos poucos, já que você tem uma semana para fechar este conteúdo, e repita quantas vezes forem necessárias.
Certifique-se também que você compreendeu o novo vocabulário apresentado nas diversas sessões e sinta-se livre para checar as palavras ou expressões desconhecidas. Entretanto, entenda que se você utilizar ferramentas de tradução para entender a totalidade dos textos, você estará gastando tempo e não aprendendo nada. Caso sinta essa necessidade, volte algumas lições até que se sinta preparada para avançar. O objetivo da tradução deve ser apenas para esclarecer vocábulos ou expressões pontualmente.
Você também pode utilizar outros recursos para complementar os estudos, como livros de exercício e séries de aprendizado. Podemos encontrar este tipo de conteúdo no Youtube, como por exemplo a série Magic English da Disney, que busca ilustrar todo o conteúdo com personagens conhecidos dos desenhos, ou a coletânea da BBC Learning English disponível online. Também existem dicionários online, como o Cambridge ou o Word Reference, sites de exercícios, como o site de gramática da Oxford.
Pratique sempre que possível e acompanhe regularmente as semanas deste Roteiro de Estudos para que você possa estudar de forma mais correta e otimizar o seu aprendizado, acelerando o seu progresso. Lembre-se da importância de criar o hábito do inglês na mente, através de músicas e filmes sua mente possa se acostumar com a língua inglesa mesmo sem estar estudando efetivamente uma lição. Assim, tente criar a partir de agora uma “pequena Inglaterra” ou um “pequeno USA” na sua vida, usando tudo o que puder em inglês, inclusive coisas cotidianas como algumas expressões e redes sociais. Aproveite também para conversar sobre os assuntos vistos em aula, conte aos amigos ou família o que você aprendeu e tente utilizar não só a gramática como também o vocabulário sempre que possível.
Caso tenha ficado qualquer dúvida até esta etapa, sinta-se a vontade para revisar e repetir algumas aulas se considerar necessário. O importante é sempre manter a frequência nos estudos para que o seu inglês possa evoluir e chegar a um novo patamar. Continue praticando!
Bons estudos e boa semana.
